LAD #31: Wilson's 14 Points

Wilson's Fourteen Points focus primarily on calling for an international policy of open relations and peace.  He urges the American people to come together through a new sense of national unity, stating that "all the peoples of the world are in effect partners in this interest." Although all these points are good and would help international relations, Wilson is thinking very idealistically and many of these things are unrealistic. Together, his fourteen parts are as follows:

1. Calling for diplomacy,

2. Freedom of the seas both during peace and war,
3. Equal trading conditions throughout the globe,
4. A reducing of national arms, 
5. The adjustment, impartially, of colonial claims,

6. Evacuation of the Russian Territory and aiding Russian Government,

7. Freedom for Belgium,

8. A correction by France for the wrongs done against Prussia in 1871,

9. Readjusting the territories of Italy,

10. Free opportunity for the people of Austri-Hungary to autonomous development,

11. Evacuations of the countries of Montenegro, Serbia, and Romania,

12. Dardenelles permanently opened to free trade and freedom to Turkey from the Ottomans,

13. Erection of a free Polish State,

14. And mutual guarantees of territorial and political stability and independence for small nation states.

LAD #30: Schenck vs. United States Case

Due to the  “mailing of printed circulars in pursuance of a conspiracy to obstruct the recruiting and enlistment service”, “an unlawful use of the mails for the transmission”, and for an “offence against the United States...to use the mails for the transmission of matter declared to be non-mailable,” Schenck was found guilty on March 3rd, 1919. Congress, said that Schenck's documents posed a threat and a serious danger, had a right to stop the distribution despite his freedom of speech. It was claimed that Schenck was the general secretary for the socialist party and was in charge of the headquarters from where the dangerous documents were being distributed. “The document in question upon its first printed side recited the first section of the Thirteenth Amendment, said that the idea embodied in it was violated by the Conscription Act and that a conscript is little better than a convict.” Schenck’s primary intentions were: “"Do not submit to intimidation” and “Assert your rights”. His socialist document was to prevent the draft. “It denied the power to send our citizens away to foreign shores to shoot up the people of other lands. Due to the fact that these were distributed in times of warfare rather than peace, they were considered to be outside of the realm of acceptable practice. “The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic. It does not even protect a man from an injunction against uttering words that may have all the effect of force.” Schenck obstructed the recruiting forces, that was his crime.

LAD #29: Keating-Owen Child Labor Act

The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act limited the number of hours that a child could work and did not allow the sale of goods across the Sate border that were produced by child labor. A Census ranging from small children to teens showed that nearly 2 million girls and boys were working across America at the beginning of the 20th century. Muckrakers were driven to end child labor once they heard that stat. Lewis Hines took pictures of kids working in their dangerous conditions in order to get the horros out to the public. TheKeating-Owen Child Labor Act "banned the sale of products from any factory, shop, or cannery that employed children under the age of 14, from any mine that employed children under the age of 16, and from any facility that had children under the age of 16 work at night or for more than 8 hours during the day." Eventually being passed by Congress and instituted by Woodrow Wilson, the act was later found to be unconstitutional in the Supreme Court case of Hammer vs. Dagenhart. It was not until the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, an Act still in place today, was an effective labor act set into motion in the United States.

LAD #29: Keating-Owen Child Labor Ac

LAD #28: Wilson's First Inaugural

Woodrow Wilson began his First Inagural Address by praising the industrial sucess and politcal integrity of America. But next he states how Americans are watseful and that they have not effectivley evaluated the physical costs of human life. He claimed the U.S. Government was not doing it's duty to properly protect citizens. In a response to that problem, President Wilson states that "our duty is to cleanse, to reconsider, to restore, (and) to correct the evil without impairing the good, to purify and humanize every process of our common life without weakening or sentimentalizing it." He reminds the American people that the Government's duty is to serve and protect the people, rich and poor, being as fair as possible in doing so.

He directly addresses an unjust tariff, restricting the industrial system, a corrupt bank and currency system, as well as a misuse of natural resources, he seeks to restore security to a vulnerable society.

LAD #27: Clayton Anti Trust Act

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act was put in place in order to increase the control over big business. It was passed during Woodrow Wilson's Presidency and it set the standards for how business's are regulated today. Passed years before, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act just monitered the big business's, using the Clayton Anti-Trust Act act trusts were able to be broken up by Roosevelt. The Act, passed in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission Act, was used to regulate the behaviors of large corporations with regards to the law. A big difference between the Sherman Anti-Trust Act and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act was that the Clayton Anti-Trust Act could not be used against labor unions. Now, unlike in the past, strikes, pickets, and labor unions could be enacted against big businesses without interference from the government.